政策导引下的重点学科建设制度分析

Analysis on the construction system of key disciplines of policy guidance

重点学科建设是我国重点建设制度在高等教育领域中的现实反映,是国家从国家利益出发重点发展一批高水平学科的意志的体现,也是高校间学科竞争与利益博弈的必然选择和结果。从1952年的院系调整到1986年以来的重点学科评选,我国学科建设制度经历了从雏形到确立再到不断完善的发展历程,而制度变迁中的路径依赖和组织趋同中的模仿机制,则是重点学科建设制度成为我国学科建设制度的制度性根源。

The construction of key disciplines is a reflection of the system of China＇s es tablishment of key programs in higher education field. It also reflects national expectation to establish a set of high-level key disciplines on the national interest. It is an inevitable choice and result of the discipline competition among higher education institutions. With the adjustment of higher education institutions in 1952, and the evaluation of key disciplines since 1986, China＇s construction system of key disciplines experienced a development, and during this process the construction system becomes more and more matured. It is argued that the path dependence of the system changes and the mimetic mechanism of organizational similarity are the fundamental reasons why the construction syslem of key disciplines has become China＇s construction system of disciplines.