叶酸对消化系统病变的预防性干预

Prophylactic intervention of folic acid for cancers of digestive system

目的:回顾关于叶酸对消化系统肿瘤影响的动物性实验和临床试验的研究结果,明确叶酸对消化系统肿瘤患者的作用。资料来源:应用计算机检索下列网站:www.xjmu.edu.cn/lib/lib.htmspringerlink.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn、检索词“folicacid,cancersofdigestivesystem”或“叶酸,消化系统肿瘤”,同时手工检索相关杂志和书籍,收集叶酸和消化系统肿瘤的相关文章。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择关于研究叶酸对消化系统肿瘤影响的文献,包括动物实验和临床试验。资料提炼:对初审收集到的研究叶酸对消化系统肿瘤影响的文章进一步查找全文,在选择、分析的基础上,排除重复或类似研究,最终提炼出25篇文献进行分类整理用于综述。资料综合:实验研究提示,叶酸的缺乏不仅影响人体的健康状况,也可能对消化系统产生长期的不良影响,增加肿瘤的发生和发展的可能性。人体叶酸缺乏可以导致多系统受损,消化系统可发生萎缩性胃炎、结肠炎,可增加患胃癌、结肠癌的危险性,也是导致血栓闭塞性心、脑血管疾病,巨幼红细胞性贫血,新生儿神经管畸形等疾病的危险因素。正常成人及育龄妇女每日叶酸盐摄取量应为400μg,临床治疗可用小剂量叶酸,每日补充合成叶酸5～10mg,足以纠正叶酸缺乏症。结论:叶酸的缺乏会促进消化系统肿瘤的发生与发展,它是人体健康不可缺少的微营养素。每日服用小剂量合成叶酸5～10mg,是预防或减少消化系统疾病危险的一种有效方法。

OBJECTIVE： To review the impact on folie acid in the digestive system tumors by animal experiments and clinical trials, and identify the role of folic acid in the patients with digestive system cancer. DATA SOURCES： Computer-based search was conducted via the following website： www.xjmu.edu.cn/lib/lib.htm and springerlink.lib. tsinghua.edu.cn, and retrieval words were ＂folic acid, cancers of digestive system＂ in English or ＂folic acid, digestive system tumors＂ in Chinese, while related magazines and books were retrieved manually to collect the related articles to folic acid and digestive system tumors. STUDY SELECTION： All the information were examined and verified firstly, and the literatures of the impact of folic acid in the digestive system tumors were chosen, including animal experiments and clinical trials. DATA EXTRACTION： After the preliminary, the study on the impact of folic acid on digestive system tumors was further searched for full texts. Based on the selection and analysis, the duplicated or similar studies were excluded, and 25 pieces of literatures were included for classification and synthesis ultimately. DATA SYNTHESIS： The experimental study presents that, the lack of folic acid not only affects human health but also may have long-term adverse effects on the digestive system and increase the possibilities of cancer occurrence and development. In addition, lack of folio acid can lead to many human system damages, and shrinking of the digestive system may occur atrophic gastritis and colitis, increase the risk of stomach cancer and colon cancer, but also lead to thrombus lack of heart and cerebrovascular diseases, megaloblastic anemia, risk factors of neonatal neurological diseases and deformities. Normal adults and women of childbearing age should intake 400 ug folate daily. A small dose of folic acid is available for clinical treatment, and daily supplement of 5-10 mg synthetic folic acid is enough, to correct folic acid deficiency. CONCLUSION： The lack of folic acid will promote the occurrence and development of the digestive system tumors, so it is an indispensable micronutrient for human health. Daily consumption of small doses of 5-10 mg synthetic folic acid is effective to prevent or reduce the risk of digestive system diseases.