多普勒超声测定人股动脉的相关指标及其影响因素

Determination of confidmenctal area of correlated indexes and influent factors of femoral artery by Doppler ultrasonography in normal subjects

目的 应用高频彩色多普勒超声探讨正常人股动脉内-中膜厚度、血流动力学变化与血管弹性的相互关系，并分析不同年龄段、性别、血压和心率等因素对这些指标的影响，旨在确定正常人下肢动脉相关指标的正常值范围及其影响因素，为下肢动脉硬化的研究提供参考。方法 对60例正常人的股动脉行二维及彩色多普勒超声检查，观察血管内．中膜厚度（IMT），用M型测量血管收缩期及舒张期的内径（Ds及Dd），脉冲多普勒测量收缩期峰值速度（Vs）、舒张早期峰值速度（Vd）、舒张早期血流频谱积分（VTId）、血流波传递时间（TR-Vs），M型超声记录股动脉前后壁收缩末期和舒张末期运动幅度内径、计算僵硬度B指数、扩张性和顺应性等参数。结果 正常人股动脉IMT随着年龄的增大而逐渐增厚，血流峰值最大速度（Vmax）及TR-Vs随着年龄的增大而递减，50—70岁年龄段更明娃，随着年龄的增大，Ds和Dd僵硬度指数增大，扩张性和顺应性降低（P〈0．05）。IMT与僵硬度指数、扩张性和顺应性无明显相关性。僵硬度指数、扩张性、顺应性与脉压相关（P〈0．01），而与收缩压、舒张压无明显相关性。结论 IMT、Vmax、TR-Vs等指标可反映股动脉功能变化的特征，且TR-Vs可作为评价老年人股动脉硬化程度的常规指标，操作简单，受相关因素影响较小。

AIM To study the interface among intima-media thickness （IMT）, hemodynamics and vascular elasticity of femoral artery （FA） in normal subjects by color Doppler uhrasonography and to analyze the influential factors. METHODS Two-dimensional and color Doppler uhrasonography were used to examine the femoral arteries in sixty normal subjects. The IMT, diameters and peak velocities （Vs） of systolic and diastolic period, velocity-time integra of early diastolic period and time from R peak of ECG to the start of systolic wave （ TR-Vs ） were measured and the stiffness index （β） and parameters about vascular distensibility and compliance were calculated. RESULTS With age increased, the IMTs, diameters and β increased while the Vmax, TR-Vs and parameters about vascular distensibility and compliance decreased. The correlation between IMT and β or the correlation between IMT and distensibility and compliance was not significant. CONCLUSION IMT, Vmax and TR.vs will affect the changes of structure and function characters of femoral artery and can be used as new indexes in evaluating atherosclerosis of femoral artery.