中国特有金线鲃属鱼类研究的回顾与展望(鲤形目,鲤科)

PAST RESEARCH AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT ON ENDEMIC CHINESE CAVEFISH OF THE GENUS SINOCYCLOCHEILUS (CYPRINIFORMES,CYPRINIDAE)

金线鲃属鱼类是中国特有类群,几乎所有种类的生息繁衍都离不开洞穴环境,由于洞穴间的隔离作用,属内物种分化十分强烈。本文对以往有关金线鲃属的研究进行了回顾,将其研究历程分为5个不同阶段:发现期、静默期、恢复期、快速发展期和深入研究期,每个阶段都有不同的特点和代表性工作。以往的研究以分类学为主,向传统分类和系统分类两个方向开展。目前金线鲃属鱼类研究还存在一系列问题以及研究空白。未来有关的研究可在物种演化、生态学、生理学、行为学和保护生物学等多个方面深入进行。

The cyprinid genus Sinocyclocheilus is endemic to China. Almost all the species live in or around caves. Since many of the caves inhabited by Sinocyclocheilus are isolated from one another, circumstances are very favorable for rapid speciation. The history of research on this genus may be divided into five stages： discovery, stagnation, recovery, fast development and deep study. Each stage had specific characters and representative works. As the core of the past studies, taxonomy had two directions, classification and phylogeny. There are numerous problems and puzzling imbroglios in the recent studies on Sinocyclocheilus. And deep study has unfolded. Therefore, directions for future study are also discussed including evolution, ecology, physiology, behavior study and conservation biology.