缝匠肌骨瓣移植术与加压螺纹钉联合治疗中青年股骨颈骨折

TREATMENT OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES WITH COMPRESSED SCREW AND SARTORIUS BONE FLAP IN YOUTH OR MIDDLE AGE

目的 探讨缝匠肌骨瓣移植术与加压螺纹钉在中青年股骨颈骨折中的应用及疗效。方法 1996年2月～2004年12月，对86例中青年股骨颈骨折患者采用开放复位、加压螺纹钉固定与缝匠肌骨瓣植骨进行治疗。年龄21～49岁，平均30．6岁。车祸伤35例，坠落伤27例，跌伤24例。骨折部位：头颈型33例，颈中型38例，基底型15例。骨折按Garden分型，Ⅱ型23例，Ⅲ型48例，Ⅳ型15例。术后观察x线片，分析骨折愈合情况并行功能评估。结果 62例获随访6个月～7年，平均2年5个月。骨折不愈合及股骨头坏死判断参照危杰等采用的标准，获随访的62例患者，4例发生骨折不愈合，骨折愈合率为93．5％；骨折愈合的患者中7例3年后发生股骨头坏死，发生率为11．3％。髋关节功能评定：优44例，良8例，可6例，差4例，优良率83．9％。骨瓣供区无功能障碍及不适。结论 缝匠肌骨瓣移植术与加压螺纹钉联合应用治疗中青年股骨颈骨折简便有效。

Objective To study the application and the curative effect of compressed screw and sartorius bone flap in treating femoral neck fractures in youth or middle age. Methods From February 1996 to December 2004, 86 patients with femoral neck fracture were treated by open reduction compressed screw and sartorius bone flap, aging from 21 to 49 years. Fracture was caused by traffic accident in 35 cases, fall from height in 27 cases and fall in 24 cases. Accoding to Garden classification, 23 cases were type Ⅱ , 25 cases were type Ⅲ , and 15 cases were type Ⅳ. We analyzed fracture healing and evaluate function by observation of the postoperative X-ray films. Results Of the 86 patients, 62 were followed up 6 months to 7 years （2 years and 5 months on average）. According to Weijie＇s criterion for nonunion and necrosis of femoral head, nonunion occurred in 4 cases; the healing rate of fracture was 93.5%. In healed patients, necrosis of femoral head occurred in 7 cases （11.3%） after 3 years. The results of hip joint function evaluation were excellent in 44 cases, good in 8 cases, fair in 6 cases and poor in 4 cases ; and the excellent and good rate was 83.9%. Conclusion Compressed screw and sartorius bone flap was simple and effective for femoral neck fractures in youth or middle age.