1Arlinger S. Negative consequences of untreated hearing loss: a review[J]. Int J Audiol,2003,42:217.
2Carabellese C, Appollonio I, Rozzini R, et al. Sensory impairment and quality of life in a community elderly population[J]. J Am Geriatrics Soc, 1993,41:401.
3Mulrow CD, Tuley MR, Aguilar C. Sustained benefits of hearing aids[J]. J Speech Hear Res, 1992,35:1 402.
4Seniors Research Group.The consequences of untreated hearing loss in older persons.Washington,DC:The National Council on the Aging,2000,12-16.
5Wallhagen MI, Strawbridge WJ, Shema S J, et al. Impact of self- assessed hearing loss on a spouse:a longitudinal analysis of couples[J].J Gerontol Soc Sci,2004,59:S190.
6Cacciatore F, Napoli C, Abete P, et al. Quality of life determinants and hearing function in an elderly population: osservatorio geriatrico campano study group[ J ]. Gerontology, 1999,45 : 323.
7Fitzgibbons P, Gordon - Salant S. Auditory temporal processing in elderly listeners[J]. J Am Acad Audiol, 1996,7:183.
8Resnick HE, Fries BE, Verbrugge LM. Windows to their world:the effect of sensory impairments on social engagement and activity time in nursing home residents[J]. J Gerontol Soc Sci, 1997,52B:S135.
9Gelfand SA. Long - term recovery and no recovery from the auditory,deprivation effect with binaural amplification.- six cases[J]. J Am Acad Audial, 1995,6: 141.
10Silman S, Gelfand SA, Silverman CA. Late - onset auditory deprivation: effects of monaural versus binaural hearing aids [J]. J Acoust Soc Am, 1984,76:1 357.
4Uhlmann RF,Larson EB,Rees TS,et al.Relationship of hearing impairment to dementia and cognitive dysfunction in older adults[J].JAMA,1989,261(13):1916-1919.
5Medelia A,Lim R.Treatment of cognitive oysfunction in dsychiatric[J].Disonders Journal of Psychiatric Practice,2004,10:17-25.