上海市地表径流污染负荷研究

Study on Pollution Load of Urban Surface Runoff in Shanghai

为减小面源污染对城市水环境的影响,对上海市地表径流污染负荷进行了研究。结果表明,直接在雨水口采样可避免雨污混接造成的干扰;将研究区域分为交通区、居民区、商业区,并以此调查不同类型用地的地表径流水质,计算得到了上海市地表径流污染负荷:交通区、居民区、商业区的COD负荷分别为1 399、1 129、1 151 kg/(hm2.a),BOD5负荷分别为468、313、392kg/(hm2.a),SS负荷分别为1 225、637、1 218 kg/(hm2.a)。调查结果表明,上海市地表径流污染情况相当严重,地表径流水质主要受生活废弃物的污染,其中可生物降解有机物所占比例较大。

In order to eliminate the non-point pollution and its negative effects in urban areas, the pollution load of surface runoff in Shanghai was studied. The results show that the sampling directly at the storm water inlet can avoid interferences caused by the mixed pollution. The annual loads of surface runoff were calculated when the areas concerned were divided into traffic areas, residential areas and commercial areas, COD loads are 1 399, 1 129, 1 151 kg/（hm^2 · a） , and BOD5 loads are 468, 313, 392 kg/（hm^2 · a）and SS loads are 1 225, 637 and 1 218 kg/（hm^2 · a）respectively in these areas. It indicates that surface runoff pollution is a serious problem in Shanghai. Urban surface runoff is mainly polluted by residential garbage in which the percentage of biodegradable organic matter is great.