试析共有利益与国际秩序的稳定

An analysis on shared interest and stability of the international order

从历史和现实的因素看,国际秩序的稳定性取决于“共有利益”。它在国际体系中犹如一只“看不见的手”,其价值在于能够调节或平衡权力、制度与身份这三者之间的关系。“共有利益”可以降低交易成本,使良好信息的数量与质量都得到提高,有助于缓解“囚徒困境”。“共有利益”为各行为者提供了一定的“公共空间”,可以起到减压、减震或舒缓矛盾的作用。它还能增加承诺和安全预期。由于“共有利益”的生成与获得是建立在多边机制或网络之中,它有利于规范行为者的行为,塑造承诺的遵守,强化结果预期,并保持国际秩序转换的稳定。

Seen from historical and realistic factors,the stability of the international order depends on 'shared interest'.It is like an 'invisible hand' in the international system,which is able in coordinating or balancing the relationship among power,system and identity.'Shared interest' may lower the costs in transaction and improve the quality and quantity of good information,and help ease the 'prisoner's dilemma'.'Shared interest' provides actors with certain scope of 'shared space',and plays the role of easing pressure,shock and contradiction.It can also add to the expectation of promise and security.Since the formation and acquisition of 'shared interest' is on the basis of multilateral mechanism or in the network,it helps standardize activities of actors,secure the fulfillment of commitment,intensify expectations on the result,and maintain stability in the transformation of international order.