论基本权利的竞合

On Concurrence of Basic Rights

由于基本权利规范的特殊构造与基本权利宪法案件的复杂性所致,一个基本权利主体的一个行为可能同时被数个基本权利所保障而构成基本权利的竞合。厘定基本权利的竞合关系是宪法案件进一步思考的先决问题之一;对于不同的基本权利竞合类型,可以分别采取特别法排除普通法、推定权利优先、核心接近理论等方法,最终确定案件系争行为究竟属于何种基本权利保障领域中。

On account of the special structure of constitutional rights norm and the complexity of constitutional rights case, a certain action of constitutional right-holder may protected by more than one constitutional rights norm, namely the overlapping of constitutional rights. It is one of the previous questions of reasoning on constitutional rights case. Various doctrines can contribute to various types of overlapping of constitutional rights, such as lex generalis to lex specialis doctrine, preference of derivative constitutional right doctrine, central scope doctrine, etc. Consequently, the disputed action of constitutional rights case can be subsumed to a certain constitutional right norm.