航班无责延误后的侵权分析——《侵权行为法》的一个特殊问题

Analysis on Tort Liability of Flight Delay without Default

国际民航公约规定,航班延误后,航空公司应当承担相应的法定义务,即对旅客提供关怀或者帮助的义务。我国《民用航空法》没有规定航空公司的这一法定义务,中国民航总局《航班延误经济补偿指导意见》虽对相关义务作了规定,但该指导意见失当之处颇多,已成为旅客不当维权一个大因。与此同时,航空公司缺乏我国《合同法》第60条规定的附随义务观念,其行为遭致了"冷漠航空"的社会评价。从《中美航空协定》的公约义务,从我国航权开放的角度,将航班无责延误后的地面服务设定为法定义务,并列为特殊侵权的情形,是非常必要的,也是切实可行的。

International civil aviation treaties address that airlines should bear relevant legal obligations after flight delay, ie. the obligation to supply care or help to the travelers. The legal obligations of the airlines are not stipulated in Chinese Civil Aviation Law. Although the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China promulgated Compensatory Guide Advice of Flight Delay, it is one of reasons by which travelers assert their rights improperly. Meanwhile, airlines have no idea of the accompanying obligations in Article 60, Chinese Contract Law, so their behaviors suffer the social valuation of ＂Cool Aviation ＂. Based on the duties under Aviation Treaty between China and USA, from the respect of the open policy of aviation right, the essay suggests that it be necessary and feasible to stipulate as legal obligations that airlines should supply ground service after flight delay.