行政体制改革与阿什比定律——关于我国政府管理模式变迁的控制论解释

A Cybernetic Explanation for the Evolution of Government Management Mode in China

阿什比的“必要的多样性”定律指出,管理系统的复杂性需要与管理对象系统的复杂性相适应。运用这一客观定律,可以对建国以来我国政府社会管理的演变做出新的诠释,并揭示出在改革开放的大环境下,转变政府职能、精简政府机构与完善市场体制、发展第三部门和培育公民社会,是应对社会管理复杂性的相辅相成的两个侧面。

Abstract： In his Law of Requisite Variety, Ashby pointed out that the complexity of a management system would be bound to correspond to the complexity of the controlled object system. Based on Ashby＇s Law, the paper suggests a new explanation for the evolution of China＇s government management mode since 1949. At the same time, it also indicates that the two aspects are essential to dealing with the increasing complexity of a social management in the era of market-oriented reform and opening-up. One of the two aspects is changing government functions and simplifying government organizations. The other is promoting the third sector and cultivating a civil society.