5Dorigo M, Maniezzo V, Colorni A. The ant system: Optimization by a colony of cooperatingagents[J]. IEEE Trans on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part B, 1996, 261, 26(1): 29-41.
6Dorigo M, Gambardella L M. Ant colony system: A cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem[J]. IEEE Transactionson Evolutionary Computation, 1997, 1(1): 53-66.
7Colorni A, Dorigo M, Maniezzo V, et al. Ant system for job-shop scheduling[J]. Jorbel-Belgian J of Operations Research Statis-tics and Computer Science, 1994, 34(1): 39-53.
8Gambardella L, Taillard E, Dorigo M. Ant colonies for the QAP[R]. Tech Rep, IDSIA/4-97 Swizerland, Lugano, 1997: 74-83.