陈述性和描写性——形容词状语的分类

Declarative and descriptive: Two types of adjective as adverbial

本文把形容词状语分为陈述性和描写性两大类,研究形动组合间的语义关系与形容词状语形式上的关系,认为陈述性形容词状语以不带"地"为常态,描写性形容词状语以带"地"为常态。语义上陈述性状中结构状语和中心语直接相关,而描写性状中结构状语和中心语的关联则是间接的。从形容词的类出发,只有表行形容词可能不加"地"充当状语,表物形容词或者不能充当状语,或者需加"地"充当状语。

This paper classifies Chinese adjectives serving as adverbial into two categories according to whether there is de (地) between the adjective and verb it modifies: the declarative and the descriptive. It also explores into how the semantic relation between the adjective adverbial and the verb it modifies is related to the form of the adjective. We have concluded 1) as adverbial, the declarative adjective takes de after it, while de is absent after the descriptive adjective; 2) as adverbial, the declarative adjective and the verb it modifies are directly related to each other semantically, whereas the descriptive adjective and the verb have but indirect relation; and 3) from the aspect of classification, only adjectives modifying action verbs can go without de , whereas those modifying non-action verbs must take de after them.