有关非亲属语言语法比较的一些方法论问题

Some methodological discussions about the grammatical comparison of the non-related languages

非亲属语言语法比较与亲属语言语法比较,在方法上、要求上是不同质的。非亲属语言语法比较,特别要求深化和细化,必须处理好大规则和小规则的关系、表层和深层的关系、认知和语法的关系,同时,应当应用系统论的观点,把握语言的总体特点,在具体特点的比较中重视系统参照。

The nature of the grammatical comparison of related languages and that of non-related languages is different in terms of methodology and requisition. The grammatical comparison of related languages is much deeper and detailed and must handle the relationship between the major rules and miner rules, between the surface layer and the deeper layer and between the cognition and grammar. Furthermore, one needs to take the viewpoint of the theory of system, grasp the general characteristics of the language, and emphasize the reference to the system during the comparison of specific characteristics.