贵州省疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒循环事件的调查

FIEID EPIDEMIOLOGY ON CONDUCTING OF CIRCULATING TYPE I VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUS IN CHINA.

目的:掌握应对2004年中国贵州省贞丰县首次Ⅰ型疫苗行脊髓灰质炎病毒循环(cVDPV)事件主要开展的工作。方法:对贵州省疾病预防控制中心(CDC)cVDPV事件现场调查资料进行描述性分析。结果:2004年发生贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州(黔西南州)贞丰县发生了Ⅰ型cVDPV,在中国尚属首次。现场调查、现场诊断以及实验室检验结果表明,本次疫情共发现实验室确诊VDPV病例2例,在2例确诊病例的3名健康儿童接触者及1例高危AFP病例的1名健康儿童接触者分离到VDPV。结论:低脊灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)接种率,仍然是本次cVDPV发生的最主要原因。对cVDPV事件所采取的AFP病例主动搜索、OPV强化免疫等措施是有效的,成功的阻断了cVDPV。

Objective To grasp firstly detecting and conducting of circulating type 1 vaccine - derived, poliovirus （ VDPV ） on Aug, 2004 in China. Methods： Descriptive study on cVDPV data were investigated by Guizhou Provindcal CDC. Results： It is first time for the National Laboratory for Poliomyditis to detect type I VDPV by ELISA and sequencing methods on Aug, 2004. The type I VDPV isolated from an AFP case at Yaoshang Village of Zhenfeng County sent by Guizhou Province. After that, another VDPV AFP case was found in the same village, 3 contacts of these 2 AFP cases and another contact of 1 high - risk AFP case in the same county were found as type I VDPV, too. Conclusion： Lower oral poliovirus vaccine （OPV） rate were still the most important reason for cVDPV. Investigation of immunization coverage conducted by Guizhou provincical CDC, actively searched for AFP cases and Supplementary Immunization Activities （SIA） to control VDPV case were effective, no additional VDPV case was found.