政策制定中的公共利益问题——“ZH市裕达广场争议案”引发的思考

Public Interest in Public Policy-Making——Case study of Yuda Square in ZH City

“公共利益”是人们据以评判公共政策之公共性的普遍观念,也是公共政策论说的一个关键词。但是,人们对于公共政策是否符合公共利益的价值判断是实践的和具体的,因而往往会产生分歧。某项政策之符合公共利益并不能成为该项政策合理性的充分条件,这里还存在一个政策的成本效益计算问题。再加之,对于公共政策的成本与效益分配,不同处境的人也不尽相同,由此产生政策公平的问题。现实中的公共利益对于公民基本权利不应具有绝对的“宰制权”,故而政策协商、对话和补救机制的建立理应成为题中之义。

＂Public interest＂ is a general conception with which people judge the fairness of public policy and a key word in the theory of public policy. However, people＇s judgment is practical and concrete so it is always disputable. The Accordance with public interest is not a sufficient condition of the justice of a practical public policy and there is a cost-benefit calculation of policy. Furthermore, different people have different cost-benefit assignment of public policy so arises the fairness of policy. In realities, public interest should not have absolute priority to civil rights so it is necessary to establish policy negotiation, dialogue and remedial system.