仿柞蚕丝聚酯纤维的形态结构和性能

Configuration and properties of the tussah silk-like polyester fiber

采用熔融纺丝法将改性聚酯切片制成具有与柞蚕丝相似截面形态和结构性能的仿柞蚕丝聚酯纤维,分别探讨了仿柞蚕丝聚酯纤维和柞蚕丝纤维的截面形态和结构性能。研究结果表明仿柞蚕丝聚酯纤维与柞蚕丝纤维具有相似的扁平状截面形态,其截面形态的均匀性较好;仿柞蚕丝聚酯纤维的取向因子、弹性形变、回弹率、柔量、功系数、断裂强度和断裂伸长率都比柞蚕丝纤维的大,而其纤维的声模量和塑性形变比柞蚕丝的塑性形变小;随着定伸长率的增加,仿柞蚕丝聚酯纤维和柞蚕丝的弹性形变和回弹率都明显下降,但其塑性伸长有所增加。

The tussah silk-like polyester fiber was prepared though melt spinning with modified polyester chips. The cross sections, configurations and properties of the tussah silk-like polyester fiber and the tussah silk were investigated respectively. The results showed that the tussah silk-like polyester fiber is similar to tussah silk in flat cross sectional shape, however, its shape uniformity is much better. Compared with the tussah silk, the tussah silk-like polyester fiber has better orientation factor, elastic deformation, resiliency, compliance, coefficient of work, breaking strength and the rate of breaking elongation but lower sonic modulus and plastic deformation. When the constant elongation rate increases, both the elastic deformation and the resiliency of the two fibers decrease significantly, while their plastic deformation rises to some extent.