从废催化剂中综合提取钒和钼

Comprehensive Recovery of Vanadium,Molybdenum and Nickel from Dead Catalyst

用X射线衍射分析了石油精炼废催化剂的性质,用脱油-自然氧化-水热浸出钒和钼-苛性钠水热浸出氧化铝的工艺研究了浸出剂、温度、时间、粒度对浸出率的影响。试验表明:碳酸钠明显优于氢氧化钠。碳酸钠溶液浸出废催化剂中钒和钼时,浸出率与温度、时间、粒度均成正相关关系,其中以温度对浸出率的影响最大。碳酸钠浓度对钒的浸出率影响明显,而对钼的浸出率几乎没有影响。取碳酸钠浓度125 g.L-1,亚硝酸钠浓度62.5 g.L-1,废催化剂粒度0.12 mm,温度150℃,水热浸出1 h,钒、q钼的一次浸出率均达到90%以上。

The characteristics of petroleum fining dead catalyst were analyzed with XRD pattern. With the process of deoiling-spontaneous oxidation-hydrothermal leaching vanadium and molybdenum-leaching alumina with caustic soda by hydrothermal process, the influential factors on leaching rate, including leaching reagent, temperature, time, and particle size, were studied. The experiments show that the leaching effect of sodium carbonate is in preference to that of caustic soda. The leaching rates of vanadium and molybdenum which are leached from dead catalyst with sodium carbonate increase with the temperature and the time, decrease with the particle size. And the temperature influence on the leaching rate is the principal. The concentration of sodium carbonate obvious by influences the leaching rate of vanadium, but nearly does not has the influence on leaching rate of molybdenum. The leaching rate of vanadium and molybdenum can reach to 90% as the concentration of sodium carbonate is of 125 g.L^-1, the concentration of sodium nitrite is of 62.5 g.L^-1, the particle size of dead catalyst is of 0.12mm, the temperature is 150℃, the duration of the leaching is 1 h in hydrothermal process.