基体组织对高钒高速钢干滑动摩擦磨损行为的影响

Effect of Matrix Microstructure on Wear Behaviors of High-speed Steel with High Vanadium Content under Dry Sliding Condition

利用销环式滑动磨损试验机测试了具有不同基体组织的高钒高速钢的干摩擦磨损性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜对其失效行为进行了分析。结果表明:以低碳板条马氏体为主要基体组织的高速钢可同时较为有效地抵御显微切削与疲劳磨损,其组织中均匀分布的高硬度VC能够充分发挥抗磨骨架作用,因而具有最优的耐磨性。基体组织为铁素体时,基体无法对VC提供有效的支撑,磨损失效形式为严重的显微切削及表面粘着磨损,耐磨性很差。基体以高碳马氏体为主时,抵抗循环疲劳和热疲劳的能力较差,导致耐磨性下降。

The effects of matrix microstructure on wear properties of high-speed steel （HSS） with high vanadium content were studied using pin-on-ring tester,and the failure behaviors were investigated via SEM. Results show that the HSS with matrix of low-carbon martensite can effectively resist micro-cutting and figure wear at the same time, and the role of high-hardness vanadium carbides （VC） can be played enough because of the strong support of matrix, resulting in optimal wear resistance. When the matrix is ferrite with very low microhardness, the matrix can not provide enough support to VC. The wear failure is mainly caused by severe micro-cutting and adhesive wear on contact surface, which leads to poor wear resistance. The matrix of HSS possesses very poor resistance to cycle fatigue and thermal fatigue if it is mainly composed of high carbon martensite,which does harm to wear resistance.