早产儿脑室周围-脑室内出血临床高危因素分析

The Analysis of High Risks of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Premature Infants

目的:探讨早产儿脑室内出血(IVH)的率及其发生相关高危因素。方法:对2004年6月至2005年6月我院新生儿科收住的早产儿143例,应用B超诊断仪进行床边头颅B超检查。结果:143例早产儿平均胎龄(33.5±2.03)周,平均体重(2128±524)g,于生后3d^7d检查。IVH的发生率为34.97%,重度IVH发病率为4.9%,早产儿胎龄越小、出生体重越低,发病率愈高,其出血程度也愈重。围生期窒息、合并有肺透明膜病、肺炎、呼吸暂停等疾病以及机械通气等因素与早产儿脑室内出血密切相关。结论:IVH发生率高,有严重合并症者发生率增高,常规进行床边头颅B超检测,可早发现、早治疗。

Objective To explore the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage（IVH）and risk factors for IVH in premature infants. Methods The bedside cranial ultrasound were undertaken on 143 premature infants at 3 to 7days after birth during Jun. 2004 to Jun. 2005. Results The average gestational age of 143 premature infants was （33. 5±2.03） weeks and average weight was （2 128±524） gram. The overall incidence of IVH was 34.97% and the proportion of severe IVH was 4.9 %. The inverse correlation between IVH and gestational age and birth weight was demonstrated. The lower the gestational age was,the higher the incidence of IVH would be,and the hemorrhage tended towards serious. IVH often occurred in premature infants with perinatal asphyxia, diseases and mechanical ventilation, etc. Conclusion The incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants is high and it will grow if the premature infants have some severe complications. A routine examination of cranial ultrasound is helpful to early diagnosis and treatment of IVH.