不同蛋白质水平对肥育猪氮排放量和生产性能的影响

Effect of Dietary Crude Protein Levels on Nitrogen Excretion and Growth Performance in Finishing Pigs

利用氮平衡试验和饲养试验,研究了日粮不同粗蛋白(CP)水平(16.1%,14.3%,13.3%,12.4%和11.7%)对肥育猪生产性能、氮和能量平衡的影响。饲养试验选取体重约为(51.86±3.11)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪80头,随机分为5组,每组4个重复。平衡试验选取体重为(62.96±2.04)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪5头,按5×5拉丁方设计。结果表明,粪氮、尿氮、总氮、氮吸收和氮沉积均随日粮CP水平的降低而降低(P<0.01),而消化能(DE,%)和代谢能/总能(ME/GE,%)随日粮CP水平的降低而升高(P<0.05)。日粮CP水平显著影响了猪的生产性能和血清尿素氮浓度(P<0.05)。日粮中添加赖氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)和苏氨酸(Thr),可使肥育猪日粮CP水平从16.1%降低到13.3%,且大幅度降低氮排泄量而不影响其生产性能。

Two experiments were conducted with finishing pigs to determine the effects of crude protein （CP） levels on growth performance, N and energy balance. Dietary CP levels were 16.1%, 14.3%, 13.3%, 12.4%, or 11.7%. 80 three-line crossbred pigs（Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshine）, with initial BW of （51.86 ± 3.11） kg, were allocated to five treatments. Each treatment was sixteen pigs with four repeats in a performance trial. Five barrows（Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshine）, with initial BW of（62.96 ± 2.04）kg, were used according to a 5 × 5 Latin square design in a balance trial. Fecal, urinary, total N excretion, N absorption and N retention （g/d） decreased with decreasing dietary CP level （P〈 0.01）. However, DE and ME/GE（%） increased with decreasing dietary CP level （P 〈 0.05）. Dietary CP intake affected （P 〈 0.01） ADG, ADFI, feed efficiency, and plasma concentrations of urea N. Dietary protein concentration reduced from 16.1% to 13.3 % can dramatically reduce N excretion with little decrease in growth performance.