循环的过程 悲剧的结局——哈代悲剧小说中“方阵舞”创作模式探析

Cycling Process and Sad Ending——On the Quadrille Plot Developing Pattern in Hardy’s Tragedies

英国批判现实主义小说家托马斯.哈代在其“性格和环境”小说中为了表现并深化宿命论和悲观主义色彩,除了使用了多种艺术手法,如象征、隐喻、巧合、对比等。哈代还采用了一种创新性的情节发展模式来表现人类的命运被无法预知的“超自然力量”所控制。这种模式就是几组男女主人公之间的关系分分合合,交叉换位,如同跳“方阵舞”一般,但最终都回到原来的起点,其结果也无一例外地以悲剧结尾。这一情节发展模式独创一帜,读者既为哈代的创作手法所惊叹折服,也为主人公凄惨的命运而叹息不已。

In his novels of ＂character and environment＂, Thomas Hardy, an English novelist of critical realism, adopted an innovative plot developing pattern to manifest that human fate was controlled by a kind of unpredictable ＂supernatural force＂ while exploiting a variety of artistic techniques, such as symbolism, metaphor, coincidence, and contrast, to show and highlight fatalism and pessimism. The pattern was that heroes and heroines underwent experiences of unity and departure just like people did in quadrille. Finally and invariably they stood at their starting point, ending in tragedy. Readers are all filled with admiration for such an originally created plot developing pattern and also moved by the heroes＇ wretched and mournful fate.