略论司马迁天人思想的特点及其成因

On the characteristic of Sima Qian's heaven-human thought and its genesis

在《史记》中,司马迁用“天”和“人”来解释一些历史变化,包括政权兴衰、人生命运和自然现象等等。就其适用对象而论,他的“天”、“人”认识既不一贯,也不普遍。这个特点应归因于司马迁归纳的论证方式,也就是说,是由其史学家的特质决定的。

In Shiji, Sima Qian explained some kinds of historical changes with heaven or human. But an analysis on the objects of the explanation shows that his heaven-human thought is neither consistent nor general. This characteristic should be ascribed to the method of induction usually employed by historians.