城市型政区建置历史地理基础及其效应分析——以广东省江门市为例

An Analysis on Historical Geographical Basis of Urban Type Administrative Region and Its Effects——A Case Study of Jiangmen City in Guangdong Province

在以近代产业和公民思想的区域集聚为特征的城市型政区理论诠释基础上,阐述1925年广东省江门设市的历史地理基础,包括明清以来潭江流域商品经济发展和商品流通活跃,海关设置、铁路兴修、侨资投入,近代产业兴起等,由此改变近代广东政治地图,并产生强化江门城市近代治理形式,采用西式城市规划和市政建设,形成经济生长极,带动区域发展等多种效应,是近现代广东政区建置史上一件盛事。

The fundamental distinction between city and countryside is the different civilization level. The urban type administrative region is characterized by regional gathering of modern industry and civil thoughts. In this paper the historical geographical basis of setting up Jiangmen City of Guangdong Province in 1925 is expounded. It includes the development of commodity economy and the animation of commodity circulation marked by the emergence of specialized economic crop plantation, the growth of country fairs, the formation of a traffic network of rivers and land in the Tangjiang River Basin since the Ming-Qing Dynasties, the development of the pork and establishment of customs in Jiangmen, the construction of Xinning Railway, the investment from overseas capital, and the rise of modem industry, etc. The setting up of Jiangmen City as an administrative region strengthened the direct connec- tion between Guangdong Province and Jiangmen City and formed an economic growth pole characterized by regional concentration of population, industry, techniques and capital to promote regional development in the west of the Pearl River Delta. It was a great event in the modem administrative history of Guangdong Province.