3-氯-2-羟丙基-三甲基氯化铵的合成

Synthesis of 3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium Chloride

以环氧氯丙烷和三甲铵盐酸盐为原料，一步法合成了3-氯-2-羟丙基-三甲基氯化铵（CHPTMAC）。采用分段升温的反应和环氧氯丙烷向三甲铵盐酸盐水溶液中连续滴加的反应方式。试验结果表明，适宜的合成工艺条件为原料环氧氯丙烷和三甲铵盐酸盐的摩尔比为1．05，溶液初始pH保持8．5，分段升温反应，反应温度在15℃-35℃范围内。利用HPLC和GC对产品组成进行了分析，并且通过醚化试验对产品质量进行了检验。

3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride （ CHPTMAC ） was prepared with epichlorohydrin and trimethylammonium by one step method. In the reaction, methods of temperature subsection reaction were adopted, and epichlorohydrin was continuously dropped to the solution of trimethylammonium. Main influence factors such as feed ratio, pH, reaction temperature and reaction time were studied. A proper reaction conditions was obtained as follows： the molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to trimethylammonium chloride was 1.05, the initial pH of the reactants was 8.5, the temperature subsection of reaction was adopted, and the reaction temperature was kept between 15 ℃ and 35 ℃. A preferable synthesis process is brought up and a better product is produced. The products＇ constitution was determined by HPLC and GC, and the products＇ quality was checked up by the etherifying experiments.