中国大陆早古生代构造演化

Tectonic evolution in the Chinese continent from Middle Cambrian to Early Devonian

中国大陆早古生代(中寒武世—早泥盆世)构造期以发生一系列各具特征、分布局限、准同时的构造事件为特征。它们与苏格兰—阿帕拉契亚的加里东事件完全不同,在中国大陆出现了西域板块完成拼合,华夏板块构成统一结晶基底,南扬子板块广泛发育板内褶皱,此时还形成了阿尔泰—额尔古纳碰撞带等重要构造事件,而以中朝和北扬子板块为代表的其他板块则主要表现为稳定沉积,地块运移,并呈离散状态。阿尔泰—额尔古纳带、西域板块、华夏板块以及南扬子板块存在板块汇聚、碰撞或地壳缩短的特征,而中朝、北扬子、羌塘、冈底斯、喜马拉雅等地块则以稳定、离散为主要特征。绝大多数板块基本上保持孤立和离散的状态,这是早古生代中国大陆各个地块构造演化特征截然不同的主要原因。

The Middle Cambrian Early Devonian （513-397 Ma） tectonic stage was characterized by a series of tectonic events with different features, which are completely different from the Caledonian event that occurred in the Appalachian orogen and in Scotland. Several important tectonic events took place in the Chinese continent during the Early Paleozoic, such as the amalgamation of Xiyu plate, forming a unified crystalline basement with the Cathaysian plate, development of widespread intraplate deformations in southern Yangtze plate, and the occurrence of Altay Ergun collision zone. However, the Sino-Korean, the northern Yangtze and other plates contain mainly stable sediments, block migration and dispersion status. There were convergence, collision and shortening in the Xiyu, Altay Ergun, Southern Yangtze and Cathaysian plates, but dispersion and stable sediments in the Sino-Korean, northern Yangtze, Qiangtang, Gangdise and Himalayan plates.