儿童青少年抑郁症特征和研究现状

Present study on the characteristics of depression in children and adolescents

目的:了解近6年国内外对于儿童青少年抑郁的研究现状,探明关于抑郁流行病学、影响因素及干预治疗3个方面的研究进展。资料来源:检索EBCOhostResearchDatabase数据库系统2000-01/2006-03关于儿童及青少年抑郁研究的文献,检索词为“depressiononchildrenandadolescents”,限定文章语言类型为英语。检索中国期刊全文数据库2000-01/2006-03关于儿童及青少年抑郁研究的文献,检索词为“抑郁,儿童,青少年”。同时手工检阅关于情绪行为异常的著作。资料选择:选取文题中包含儿童抑郁或青少年抑郁的研究及综述。纳入标准:①研究所涉及的对象仅有情绪异常。②文章体例主要为调查报告及研究。排除重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到关于儿童青少年抑郁研究的文章391篇以及著作7部。34篇文章及7部著作符合标准。排除的文章为重复性研究。资料综合:儿童青少年的抑郁问题受个体遗传、人格、归因方式、家庭因素、社会支持、同伴交往等关系的影响,其发生率较高。国内外对儿童青少年抑郁的干预和治疗包括药物治疗、心理治疗和综合治疗,综合干预治疗效果好于单一方法治疗。结论:目前对于儿童青少年抑郁的研究取得的一定的进展,但研究结果存在着不一致性,且研究对象多集中于青少年,缺乏对于干预疗效的研究。

OBJECTIVE： To learn the present status of domestic and foreign researches on depression in children and adolescents in the latest 6 years, and explore the development in research about epidemiology, influential factors as well as the interventional treatment of depression. DATA SOURCES：A computer-based search of articles about the depression in children and adolescents published from January 2000 to March 2006 were searched in EBCOhost Research Database with the key words of ＂depression on children and adolescents＂, and the language was limited to English. Meanwhile, relevant Chinese articles about depression in children and adolescents were searched in CNKI Database with the key words of ＂depression, children, adolescents＂, literatures on emotional disorders were also manually retrieved. STUDY SELECTION：Researches and reviews with the words of depression in children or adolescents involved in the subject were selected. The inclusion criteria were： ①The subjects studied merely suffered from emotional disorders. ②Literatures mainly of surveys or research reports.Repetitive studies were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION：A total of 391 articles and 7 monographs about depression in children and adolescents were collected, among which 34 articles and 7 monographs were in accordance with the criteria. Repetitive studies were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS：Depression, with a high prevalence in children and adolescents, is influenced by genes, personality, attributive styles, parents, social supports, relationship with peers and so on. Intervention and treatment on depression in children and adolescents abroad include medication, psychological therapy and comprehensive therapy. The curative effect of comprehensive therapy is better than that of single therapy. CONCLUSION ：Some progress has been achieved in research on depression in children and adolescents, while there is discordance in the results, and the researches mainly focus on the adolescents, and the researches on interventional treatment is less.