论张爱玲小说“苍凉感”的美学价值

Aesthetic Value of the Desolation in Zhang Ailing's Novels

展读张爱玲的小说,令人深深震撼的是其字里行间所透露的苍凉的情绪氛围,“苍凉感”是张爱玲在小说写作上自觉的审美诉求。这种美学诉求表述在她关于文艺的论述中。在张爱玲看来“苍凉感”具有美的回味、表达人生本真的素朴,同时它又担当着使作品本身完满的重任。因而“苍凉感”不是主流审美意识上的“真善美”,但却是张爱玲心目中的“真善美”,并由此基点出发,追求苍凉感的美学底蕴成为了张爱玲自觉的创作策略。张爱玲藉由此上升至对人性、对文化的总体观照,令读者窥见到了人性的悲哀,以及对自我存在和意义的严重怀疑,对丧失自我和寻找自我的悲观,从而超越了单纯的人性的层次,进入到生命本质的透彻认识。

Zhang Ailing never fails to touch readers＇ tender heart with the desolate tone revealed between lines. Desolation is Zhang Ailing＇s conscientious aesthetic appeal in the respect of novel writing. This aesthetic appeal is stated in her literature and art critics. This paper indicates that according to Zhang Ailing, this desolation bears an aesthetic aftertaste and it unveils in some way the simplicity of the truth of life; meanwhile, it also plays the role of consummating the whole novel. Therefore, though, desolation is not ＂true, good and beautiful＂ in the mainstream aesthetic sense, it is rightly the ＂truth, goodness and beauty ＂in Zhang Ailing＇s view. And with this view as the starting point, seeking to reveal the aesthetic value of desolation becomes Zhang Ailing＇s conscientious creation technique. Besides, Zhang Ailing even goes so far as to give an overall reflection on humanity and culture. She conveys to the readers the melancholy of humanity, the grave doubt about aseity and meaning of human life. Readers can sense the dismal of losing and trying to look for self identity. More than simply the discussion on humanity, Zhang＇s novel has already probed into the essential of life.