公路通行费征收人员职业危害调查与对策探讨

An Investigation on the Occupational Hazard of Highway Passage Fee Collectors and its Control Strategy

对４个征费所５７０名征费人员的职业危害调查表明，８５．７％的工作时间接触职业有害因素；作业环境的粉尘超标５．８倍；ＣＯ、ＮＯ＿ｘ、ＳＯ＿２、Ｐｂ浓度超标１．０～５５倍；噪声超标１１．９ｄＢ（Ａ）。健康检查发现，征费人员患有关疾病的症状较突出，患有眼和上呼吸道粘膜慢性炎症、心电图异常、小气道通气障碍、血中Ｈｂ．ＣＯ和尿铅含量增高和高频听力损伤等，占２２．９％～３９．８％。说明征费人员的健康受到了明显的影响。本文针对存在的问题提出了相应的对策。

An investigation on occupational hazard in 570 collectors of four highway passage fee units showed that the occupational hazard factors to which the collectors expose in 85.7%time of each working day,The concentration of particles, Co, Nox,SO2, Pb and the noise all surpass the national hygiiene standards (5.8 times,1.5～5.5 times and 11.9 dB(A)respectively);The physical examination for collectors found:22.9%～39.8% of collectors suffered from some chronic diseases.The results showed that these occupational exposures resulted in distinct impact on the collectors'health.The authors proposed its corresponding control strategy in this paper.