饮用水源水质健康危害的风险度评价

Water quality health-hazard risk assessment on drinking water supply sources

介绍了饮用水水源受到化学致癌物、放射性污染物以及非致癌性污染物所致的健康危害的风险度计算模型,并应用于某市受污染地下水水源的饮水途径健康风险评价,分别计算出了各类污染物的风险度。结果表明,地下水中化学致癌物所致的健康危害风险度超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受限值5.0×10-5a-1,并远远大于非致癌物所致的风险度。化学致癌物所致的健康危害的风险度由大到小顺序为Cr+6>As>Cd,非致癌性污染物所致的风险度大小顺序为Pb>氟化物>氰化物>挥发酚>NH3-N。本文的研究结果可直接确定该市地下水源水质的风险度水平、污染物的主次及治理的优先顺序,为该市地下水资源水质风险管理提供了帮助。

Some mathematical models for groundwater quality health risk assessment is established to calculate risk values caused by chemical carcinogens, radioactive pollutants and non-carcinogen pollutants by drinking water, and it is applied to analyze and assess the groundwater quality of supply sources. The results show that the health risk values caused by chemical carcinogens are higher than the standard recommended by ICRP and their effect is much greater than that of those non-carcinogen contaminations; the ranking of risk values due to chemical carcinogen by drinking water is Cr^＋6 〉 As 〉 Cd, and the ranking of risk values due to non-carcinogen pollutants by drinking water is Pb 〉 F^- 〉 CN^- 〉 hydroxybenzene 〉 NH3-N. Chemical carcinogens are primary and should be removed accordingly. The results can provide important information for groundwater quality management.