黑河流域近期治理对生态环境与粮食安全的影响

Influence of short-term management on ecological environment and regional food security in the Heihe River Basin

论述了黑河流域近期治理规划实施后对区域粮食安全的促进与保障作用。通过黑河流域近期治理过程中基础设施的建设，不仅可以有效地改善整个区域的生态环境状况，而且改造了基本农田和水利基础设施，提高了水资源的利用效率和水土资源的生产能力，达到了储粮于地、寓粮于源的目的。结果表明：到2010年可提高区域水土资源生产能力15％～20％，如遇短期区域及周边地区粮食短缺，在保证流域生态基本需水前提下，可连续3-5年启用这些“粮食生产后备基地”，达到增产粮食15％．20％的目的，其对下游生态仅造成局部可恢复性影响，流域下游地下水埋深平均下降幅度在0．4m以内。

This paper indicates that short-term management guarantees regional food security in Heihe river basin. Based on fundamental works which were constructed during the course of short-term management in the Heihe river basin, it is realized that short-term management not only improve the eco-environmental status of the whole area, but also reconstruct farmland facilities and other irrigation works and enhance use efficiency of water resources and productivity of soil resources. This study indicates that in 2010 the productivity of water and soil resources of this area will be increased by 15% - 20%. In case of short-term food shortage in this area or surrounding area, these self-support base of food production can be continuously utilized for 3 - 5 years on the premise of ensuring the basal ecological water demand, which will increase food production by 15 % - 20% and only cause local restorable negative effect on downstream ecological environment. In downstream area the groundwater level will be lowered by less than 0.4 meter.