含氮硼酸酯表面活性剂的合成及表面活性

Synthesis and Surface Activity Properties of Borate Ester Surfactant Containing Nitrogen

以月桂酸、N-（2-羟乙基）乙二胺、硼酸和二乙醇胺为原料，合成了咪唑啉硼酸酯（简称IBE）和咪唑啉醇胺硼酸酯（简称IBE—A），比较了两种硼酸酯的抗水解、表面张力等性能，考察了IBE—A与十二烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS）复配的协同效应。结果表明，氮原子的引入有效地增强了硼酸酯抗水解性能，其中IBE—A具有很好的抗水解性能；随pH增加，IBE和IBE—A临界胶束浓度（CMC）和γCMC下降；在中性及碱性条件下，IBE—A的CMC=（1．20～1．35）×10^-3mol·L^-1，γCMC=（31．1~31．4）mN·m^-1。IBE—A和LAS有较强的复配协同效应，当n（IBE—A）：n（LAS）=4：6时，CMC=3．16×10^-5mol·L^-1，γCMC=29．6mN·m^-1，其中CMC分别是IBE—A水溶液CMC（1．35×10^-3mol·L^-1）和LAS水溶液CMC（1．14×10^-3mol·L^-1）的1／43和1／36。

Imidazoline borate （IBE） and imidazoline alkylol amine borate （IBE-A） were synthesized from lauric acid, N-（ 2-hydroxyethyl ）ethylenediamine, boric acid and diethanolamine. The antihydrolysis ability, surface tension, etc. of the borates were measured, and the synergistic effect of IBEA/LAS on surface activity was also studied. The results show that the introduction of N in the structure of borates molecules is beneficial to their anti-hydrolysis ability. IBE-A has strong anti-hydrolysis ability. CMC and TCMC of IBE and IBE-A decrease with the increase of pH value of solutions. At neutral and alkaline conditions,CMC of IBE-A is （ 1.20～1.35）×10^-3 mol·L^-1 ,and γCMC is （31. 1～31. 4） mN·m^- 1. IBE-A/LAS has apparent synergistic effects of complexation ; when n （IBE-A） ：n （LAS） = 4 ：6,CMC of the complex solutions is 3.16×10^-5 mol·L^-1 ,and γCMC is 29. 6 mN·m^-1.