不同结构文章重复阅读时主题转换效应的眼动研究

Topic-Shift Effect During Repeated Reading: An Eye Movement Study on Text of Different Structure

选取36名大学生,运用眼动技术,探讨不同结构类型文章在重复阅读时主题转换效应的变化特点。被试阅读的材料有两类:一是段落内部各个句子之间为平行关系(平行材料);一是每段第一个句子为该段落主题句(总分材料)。结果发现,两类材料在第一遍阅读过程中均出现了显著的主题转换效应,但在重复阅读时,主题转换效应消失,说明读者在第一遍阅读时已构建了文章的主题结构表征,并以此来指导后面的阅读。该结果支持共同策略假设理论,说明无论文章中是否存在标记,读者在阅读时都会构建一定完善的主题结构表征。

Using eye-movement technique, the present study tried to probe the changing characters of topic-shift effect during repeated reading of articles that have different styles of structure. One kind of the articles sentences of parallel relationship in each paragraph and the other one has a topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph. The results show that there is prominent topic-shift effect in the initial reading for the two kinds of article but not when rereading the same text in subsequent readings. The absence of topic-shift effect suggests that readers construct a mental representation of the text＇ s topic structure during the initial reading and use the representation to guide subsequent readings, which supports the common-strategy hypothesis. It means that readers will construct a good representation of the topic structure during reading no matter if there are signals in the article.