雅典国家梭伦时代货币考论——兼与黄洋博士商榷

Whther there was currency existing in the Soloon's time in Athens StateA discussion with Mr.Huang Yang

研究古代史,尤其是研究与社会经济形态、社会经济特征等有关的重大历史问题时,货币的历史地位和史学价值尤为突出。因为它的产生与否以及发展水平如何,对于说明这个社会的经济发展状况及经济发展特征,都是直接而有力的证据。正因为如此,雅典国家梭伦时代有无货币问题便成为一个焦点。有的学者认为雅典国家梭伦时代还没有产生货币,这种观点值得商榷。亚里斯多德和普鲁塔克最早明确记载了梭伦的币制改革及有关的货币单位及其换算关系。梭伦本人的从商经历,梭伦传世诗作的某些内容,梭伦时代的债务问题、土地买卖问题、雇工阶层问题,以及梭伦改革的许多措施,都反映了雅典国家梭伦时代已经有货币。考古资料及其他文献资料也都说明雅典国家梭伦时代有货币。另外,从货币产生的一般规律及外部环境影响看,雅典国家在梭伦时代有货币也应是历史的必然。

Studies of ancient history, especially some significant history problems which concern economic patterns of some society and econmic features of some societies, the history status and historiography value of cunrrency are more outstanding. Whether it came into being or not and how about its development levels are direct and powerful proofs for explaining economic development state and economic development features of some society. Just because of that, in the field of ancient world history, in the discussion concerning the econmic feature problems of ancient Greek city-state, whether there was currency existing or not becomes a focus. Some scholars believe that there was no currency in the Soloon＇ s time, but the standpoint shoud be deliberated. Aristoteles and Plutarcus first explicitly recorded Soloon＇s cun^ncy system reform, regarding currency units and conversion relations between them. Soloon＇ s experiences in business, some contents in his famous historic writings, debt problem, land purchase and soiling problem and employee strata problem of Soloon＇s time and Soloon＇ s reform all reflect the fact that the currency had existed in the Saloon＇s time. Archaeology data and other document data also prove that the currency had arisen in the Soloon＇ s time. In addition, on the basis of the general regularity of currency appearance and the effect of exte- rior environment, it is historical certainty that the currency had existed in the Soloon＇s time in Athens State.