论《骆驼祥子》的叙事艺术

On the Narrative Art of Camel Xiangzi

《骆驼祥子》这一文本具有丰富的内涵。在叙事美学上体现出与传统小说的很大不同,作品叙述了祥子买车和爱的追求的三起三落;即:祥子在物质和精神上分别遭遇了三起三落,演绎出他人生的悲剧,体现出老舍思想中的悲观意识和宿命感。由此我们可以看出老舍对于国民性的反思已进入到人性的深层,他对生命做了本体论意义上的探索。同时作品所具有的这种形而上的美学意蕴显示出老舍在小说创作方面的革新及对中西文化的融会贯通,并由此形成了新文学的叙事纲领:“人与事相互为用”的“灵的文学”。

Camel Xiangzi has rich connotations as far as its text is concerned. Its aesthetics in narrative is different from traditional novels. The work concentrated on the three times of ups and downs of Qiangzi＇ s rickshaw purchase and pursuit of love. That is to say, Xiangzi underwent three times of ups and downs in physical and mental world, which was how his tragic life came to be. It was the incarnation of Lao She＇ s pessimistic consciousness and fatalism. Hence, we can see that Lao She had penetrated into the deep sense of human nature in terms of reflections of nationalism, in which he made explorations of life from ontological viewpoint. The superorganic aesthetics of his works implies Lao She＇s innovation in novel creation and his exquisite knowledge of Western and Chinese cultures, on which the new narrative guidelines of literature narration was formed, i.e., ＂the mental literature＂ of ＂mutual use of humans and things＂.