三元乙丙橡胶接枝马来酸酐及其在尼龙6中的应用

Ethylene propylene diene monomer grafted with maleic anhydride and its application to polyamide 6

分析了在含有适量聚丙烯（PP）的三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）熔融接枝马来酸酐（MAH）反应体系中，引发剂过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）、MAH用量对产物接枝率和流变性能的影响，考察了二甲基苯胺（DMBA）、二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯（DLTDP）3种阻交联剂对接枝反应体系的影响，并研究了尼龙6（PA6）／（EPDM／PP）—g—MAH共混物的微观结构与性能。结果表明：当DCP的质量分数为0．08％、MAH的质量分数为1．2％时，产物的接枝率可达到1．0％左右；在相同条件下，3种阻交联剂对产物的接枝率都有不同程度的降低，而加入DMBA最大程度地降低了体系的交联度；接枝物（EPDM／PP）—g—MAH以较小的粒径均匀分布在连续相PA6中；当（EPDM／PP）—g—MAH质量分数为15％～20％时，共混物发生由脆到韧的转变；当（EPDM／PP）—g—MAH质量分数为25％时，共混物的综合力学性能达到最佳；同时，接枝物的加入增大了共混物中PA6的结晶难度。

Maleic anhydride （MAH） grafted onto the blends of ethylene propylene diene monomer （EPDM） with adaptive content of polypropylene （PP） were carried out via melting process. The effects of contents of initiator dicumyl peroxide （DCP） and MAH on grafting ratio and rheology were studied. The effects of three kinds of anticrosslinking （ DMBA, DMF, DLTDP） on the grafting system were investigated. The microstructure and properties of polyamide 6 （ PA 6 ）/（EPDM/PP） -g- MAH blends were also discussed. The results showed that the grafting ratio reached to 1.0% when the mass fraction of DCP and MAH were 0.08% and 1.2% respectively. The degree of crosslinking decreased obviously when the DMBA was introduced into grafting system. The （EPDM/PP）-g-MAH particles with small size dispersed in PA 6 matrix uniformly. The brittle to ductile transition of PA 6/ （EPDM/PP）-g-MAH blends occurred when the mass fraction of （EPDM/PP）-g-MAH in the blends were 15% ～ 20%. When the mass fraction of （EPDM/PP）-g-MAH was 25%, the mechanical properties of blends were optimum. PA 6 was more difficult to crystallize than pure PA 6 because of the introduction of （EPDM/PP）-g-MAH in the blends.