刈割对燕麦产草量及品质影响的初步研究

Primary study on the effects of cutting on forage yield and quality of oat(Avena sativa)

以燕麦Avena sativa开花期1次刈割为对照,探讨了不同刈割次数对燕麦青草产量、干草产量和粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维含量等指标的影响。对4641、4632、巴燕3号、青永久425、青永久31早熟燕麦品种的刈割试验表明,1年内刈割2次比刈割1次其鲜草产量、干草产量以及单位面积粗蛋白产量不但没有提高,反而有显著的降低,其中巴燕3号的干草产量和粗蛋白产量下降幅度最大,分别达67.65%和57.57%;青永久425下降幅度最小,分别为23.64%和21.28%。但刈割2次的牧草品质比刈割1次的好,其茎叶比值较低,粗蛋白、粗灰分含量较高,适口性好。特别是刈割的头茬草,酸性洗涤纤维含量显著低于二茬草及对照。其中粗蛋白含量增幅最大的是4632,头茬草的含量比对照增加53.68%,增幅最小的为青永久425,比对照增加17.36%;酸性洗涤纤维含量下降最多的是巴燕3号,头茬草比对照下降11.34%。青永久31的头茬草与对照没有显著差异。

The effects of cutting frequency on oat fresh and hay yields, crude protein, ADF and other indices were studied in this paper. 4641, 4632, Bayan No. 3, Qingyongjiu 425 and 31 were used as materials. The cutting experiment showed that compared to the control （one cut at anthesis）, 2 times of cutting in the growing season significantly reduced the fresh and hay yields, as well as crude protein yield per unit area. Bayan No. 3 showed the greatest reduction in hay and crude protein yield, 67.65% and 57.57%, respectively. The least decrease was found in Qingyongjiu 425, with 23.64% and 21.28% reduction, respectively. However, the forage quality from the treatment was much better than the control, showing lower stem-to-leaf ratio, higher crude protein and crude ash content and better palatability. Furthermore, the first cut produced significantly lower ADF content than the second cut and control. 4632 gave the best performance, showing 53.68% increase in crude protein content; as high as 17.36% increase was also seen in Qingyongjiu 4：25. Bayan No. 3 showed 11.34% ADF reduction, as compared with the control. There was no significant difference between the first cut and the control in Qingyongjiu 31.