男性乳腺发育症的临床超声分析

Analysis of Ultrasonographic Characteristics in Gynecomastia

目的 探讨男性乳腺发育症的临床和超声表现，以提高对本病的认识。方法 应用高频超声探头对47例（56只）男性乳腺发育症患者进行探测，年龄12-84岁，平均41．3岁，右乳病变22例，左乳病变16例，双乳病变9例，对双侧乳腺进行测量。结果男性乳腺发育症表现为以乳头为中心呈盘状或偏向一侧的扇状低回声，与周围组织分界清楚，其内可见向乳头方向聚拢的管状回声。正常乳腺前后径平均为5．37mm，上下径平均为8．72mm，病变乳腺前后径平均为8．89mm，上下径平均为22．95mm，正常与病变乳腺各测量值有显著性区别（P〈0．01）。结论 男性乳腺发育症根据临床表现、声像图特点，很容易作出正确诊断，但应进一步寻找致病原因，避免延误其他疾病的诊治。

Objective To explore the clinical and ultrasonic features of gynecomastia in order to master the knowledge of recognizing the disease for accurate diagnosis. Methods A total of 47 males （56 breasts） with gynecomastia underwent high frequency ultrasound, age range, 12 - 34 years, mean 41.3 years, 56 breasts. Gynecomastia in the right breast was in 22 cases ; in left breast （16） ; in both breasts （9） . The sizes of both breasts were measured. Results The sonograms in gynecomastia manifested a disk-like hypoechoic image with the nipple in its center or the disc declined to oneside with low fan-like echoes with a distinct boundary to peripheral tissues. Some ducts gathered toward the nipple. The average anteroposterior diameter was 5.37 mm and superio- inferior diameter was 8.72 mm in the normal breast but 8.89 mm and 22.95 mm, respectively in gynecomastia. There was significant difference between normal and gynecomastia breasts （P〈0.01） . Conclusions Gynecomastia can be easily diagnosed according to clinical history and ultrasonographic findings. Many causes have been implicated in genesis of this diseases, so the itiology of gynecomastia must be considered to avoid the misdiagnosis and delayed treatment of the underlying diseases.