可聚合双季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂

Polymerisable Divalent Di-Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Surfactant

以甲基丙烯酰氯、11-溴代十一醇、4-[2-(N,N-二甲基胺乙基)]吗啉和溴甲烷为原料,合成了新型可聚合的单季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂甲基丙烯酸酯基单季铵盐(PMQ),并经过季铵化得到了相应的双季铵盐头基的阳离子表面活性剂可聚合的甲基丙烯酸酯基双季铵盐(PDQ)。通过元素分析和核磁共振氢谱证实了产物的结构,同时采用表面张力测定与电导率测定两种方法测定了PDQ在不同温度下的临界胶束浓度和表面张力。实验结果表明,通过酰氯化、两次季铵化3步有机反应成功地合成了PDQ;25℃下纯水中PDQ的临界胶束浓度为3.24×10-2mol/L,对应的表面张力为40.95mN/m,表明PDQ具有较高的表面活性。

A novel polymerisable methacrylate monovalent quaternary ammonium bromide （PMQ） surfactant was synthesized from methacryloyl chloride, 11 -bromoundecan-1 -ol, 4- [ 2- （ dimethylamino ） ethy] morpholine and methyl bromide. The end product polymerisable methacrylate divalent diquaternary ammonium dibromide（PDQ） surfactant was prepared by a three-step synthesis： one step of acryloyl chlorinatin and two steps of quaternarizations under appropriate conditions. The product was characterized by means of elemental analysis and ^1H NMR. Measurements of surface tension and conductivity at different temperatures showed that its surface activity is higher than conventional surfactants. Critical micelle concentration（CMC） of PDQ in pure water at 25℃ is 3.24×10^-2 mol/L and the corresponding surface tension γCMC is 40.95 mN/m.