山泉水生产过程中微藻污染的途径

Microalgae Pollution in Production Process of Drinking Spring Water

目的分析山泉水生产过程中微藻的种类组成及污染途径。方法分别于2003年3、4、5月下旬,在某山泉水生产现场采集厂区地面、水源泵旁地面、水处理工艺各流程、山泉水成品盛器(桶)和污染成品水水样。培养1周后,用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜检测以鉴定微藻种类,并用显微成像系统进行拍照分析,同时测量微藻的个体大小。结果共发现18种微藻,包括4种蓝藻、9种绿藻、4种硅藻、1种裸藻。厂区地面和泵房内水样中的优势种为比索曲壳藻(Achnanthesbiasolettiana)和近缘桥弯藻(Cymbellaaffinis);水源水中主要为衣藻(Chlamydomonassp.)和丝藻(Ulothrixtenerrima);盛器水样中则出现斜生栅藻(Scenedesmusobliquus)和小球藻(Chlorellavulgaris);超滤前各生产环节均有小球藻检出,超滤后无藻类被检出;而山泉水成品经富集培养可检出小球藻。结论微藻污染的主要途径是重复使用的盛器,山泉水成品盛器的科学存放和彻底清洗消毒是防止产品中出现微藻污染的重要措施。

Objective To find out the microalgae species in the spring water and the pollution route in the production process of drinking spring water. Methods 42 samples were collected from the workshop, the spring source, the product line and the repeated barrels in a water plant. The microalgae were examined by microscope, CCD imaging system and scanning electron microscope. Results 18 microalgae species were detected from the 42 samples including 4 species in Cyanophyta, 9 in Chlorophyta, 4 in Bacillariophyta and 1 in Euglenophyta. The dominant species occurred in samples of the floor around the workshop and the floor beside the wellspring bump were Achnanthes biasolettiana and Cymbella affinis, in the spring source were Chlamydomonas sp. and Ulothrix tenerrima, in the spring water barrel was Scenedesmus obliquus. Chlorella vulgaris was detected in all processes before the super-filter, and after filtered, no microalgae was detected, but in the product water, Chlorella vulgaris was still detected after enriched culture. Conclusion Usually, the microalgae polluted drinking spring water products is mainly Chlorella vulgaris and the pollution route is reusing of barrels.