公共政策创新的因素分析——以《上海市政府信息公开规定》为例

Internal-determinants of Public Policy Innovation——A Case of <Regulation of Shanghai Municipality on Governmental Information Disclosure>

随着施政的生态环境加速变迁,政府必须以创新公共政策的方式予以应对。但政府创新公共政策的内在因素是什么呢?已有的文献不仅局限于美国的政策生态,而且以计量方式考察经济、政治和社会因素,忽视了其中大量难以计量以及需要整合考察的因素。在一个融合条件(资源和要素、政治架构、现有制度和政策及社会文化)和机制(学习机制、决策机制、执行机制、激励机制和评价机制)的综合模型指导下,以分析性叙事的方法,具体考察上海市创新政府信息公开制度的内在因素。分析案例表明,尽管上海在条件和机制上都非常充分的情况下,也还必须融合各种条件和机制才能解释创新的出现及其有效运行。

With accelerated change of administration environment, government must respond to it with public policy innovation. But what are the inter-determinants of public policy innovation? Previous documents are not only limited within America's policy environment, but also neglect many determinants which are difficult to quantify and need to explore comprehensively through quantitative research way. Under a comprehensive theoretical model, which includes conditions-resource and factors, political frameworks, existing institutions and policies, social culture, and mechanisms-learning mechanism, decision-making mechanism, executing mechanism, motivating mechanism and evaluating mechanism, this paper particularly explores the internal-determinants of institution innovation of governmental information disclosure in Shanghai through the way of analytic narrative. The results show that although it may be possible for Shanghai to innovate on conditions and mechanisms, but only through integrating each condition and mechanism can explain the emergency and effectively operation of policy innovation.