地区间生产率差异与收敛——基于中国各产业的分析

Difference and Convergence of Productivity Across China Provinces for Industry

本文主要分析了中国各产业的省际间劳动生产率差异与收敛问题。实证结果表明,改革开放以来,中国各产业地区间劳动生产率存在明显的差异。从20世纪90年代开始,产业间生产率差异随时间呈现出扩大趋势。各产业不存在地区间劳动生产率的绝对收敛,却存在条件收敛,而且收敛的速度较快。实证也发现,各产业地区间的劳动生产率差异是地区间人均收入差异的直接原因,各产业地区间生产率差异和经济增长的快慢统计上并没有必然的联系。

In this paper, we mainly analyze the convergence of labor productivity for industries across China provinces since the economic reform. Our empirical results state clearly that there exists obvious gaps for labor productivity across both regions and industries. Absolute convergence of the labor productivity does not ex- ist either for the national economy or for every industry in contemporary China. However, conditional convergence does exist both in the national economy and in every industry. It is difficult for us to draw a statistical conclusion that there exists a connection between the rapid economic growth and the wide gaps of labor productivity across provinces.