论权力及权力控制

On Power and Power Control

中外学人对权力有着千差万别的理解,概括起来,权力是指某些人对他人产生预期效果的影响力。权力具有强制性、单向性、相互依赖性、工具性、自我扩张性和侵犯性等基本特征。权力控制的必要性在于权力的自我异化倾向与权力主体的私人属性相结合,导致权力难以控制;权力运作过程中的两重性矛盾,导致权力易于失控;权力失控走向腐败对社会运行产生严重影响。权力本身的有限性、权力行使的相对性、权力运行的可控性使权力控制成为可能。

Scholars at home and abroad have offered different interpretations of power. Generally speaking, power refers to the influence one expects to impose on others characterized as mandatory, unidirectional, interdependent, instrumental, self-aggrandizement and aggressive. The necessity for power control lies in the likelihood that its character of self-dissimilation and its private property tend to combine, making it hard to control. Moreover, the dual contradiction in operation of power renders possibilities of its going out of control, and power beyond control will surely induce corruption, which will lead to serious negative consequences. Nonetheless, power control is possible because the main characteristics of power are finite, relative, and controllable.