中药疗效和炮制的外史研究

Study on sociocultural history of therapeutic efficacy and processing of Chinese materia medica

一些中药疗效的认定、社会用药风潮、中药炮制方法的历史演变事例,说明不同时代的社会思潮、习俗和经济因素无不影响到中药的方方面面。因此中药具有非常明显的社会性和人文特征。有记载的药物功效,并不全来自医生的经验。不同时代人们对自然界的认识水平,决定了他们会接受什么样的药物。古代炮制法有3大类:有效的医疗炮制、虚玄的道家炮制、无效的商业炮制。在对中药功效和炮制进行外史研究的基础上,应把中医药历史文献研究提高到与临床、实验三足鼎立的地位予以重视。

The historical evolving examples of the confirmation of therapeutic efficacy of some Chinese materia medica, the social fashion of using medicine, and the processing methods of Chinese materia medica indicate that the social trend of thoughts, customs and economic factors in different ages affected the various aspects of Chinese materia medics. So, Chinese materia medica possesses very outstanding social and cultural features. Not all the actions of Chinese materia medica recorded came from the experiences of doctors. The understanding level to the nature in different ages decides what kind of drugs they would accept. There are three kinds of drug processing in ancient times： effective medicinal processing, fantastic Taoist processing and invalid trading processing. Based on the study of sociocuhural history of therapeutic efficacy and processing of Chinese materia medica. It is crucial that the history and medical literature research on Chinese materia medica and pharmacy should be raised to the position as important as clinical and experiment researches.