口腔粘膜癌变过程中p53基因突变与P53蛋白异常表达的关系

The Role of p53 Gene During the Development of Human Oral Malignant Lesions∶ A Comparative Study of p53 Gene Mutation with P53 Protein Positive Immunostaining

为探讨口腔粘膜鳞状细胞癌发生发展过程中，ｐ５３基因突变与口腔粘膜癌前损害发生发展过程中Ｐ５３蛋白异常表达的关系，采用微波煮沸脱交联代替胰酶消化的ＡＢＰＡＰ染色法，对正常口腔粘膜至转移性口腔粘膜鳞状细胞癌全过程中组织的Ｐ５３蛋白染色及其染色阳性率与ｐ５３基因突变的关系进行了对照研究。结果显示：正常口腔粘膜及口腔粘膜单纯性上皮增生组织中无Ｐ５３蛋白阳性出现，而９０％（２７／３０）的口腔粘膜癌前损害组织、６１％（３０／４９）的口腔粘膜鳞癌标本和８６％（１３／１５）的淋巴结转移灶中出现Ｐ５３蛋白染色阳性，且所有阳性反应均定位于细胞核，但蛋白的阳性染色反应与基因的突变检出率之间存在差异，此点在口腔癌前损害组更是如此。对此，作者除从方法学等角度加以分析外。

In order to increase the sensitivity to immunostaining in formalinfixed, paraffin embedded tissues, we developed an immunohistochemical method by microwave heating of tissue sections instead of trypsin digestion. The results of this study showed that there was no positive P53 protein reaction in normal and hyperplastic mucousa of human mouth, whereas 90%(27/30) of cases with dysplasia, 61%(30/49) of oral squamous cell carcinomas and 86%(13/15) of reginoal metastatic lymph nodes were positive. And all positive reactions were localized in nuclei. Comparison of these positive results of p53 gene mutation detected by silver staining method with the results by polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis did not reveal matched results, especially during the precancerous period. The authors analysed the causes of difference not only by methodology, but also by cell groups which had different genetic changes in tissues of precancerous lesions.