“一样”与“不一样”比较句的不对称

The Dissymmetry of the Comparison Sentences"一样"and"不一样"

表示平比的“一样”句与它的否定式在结构上、相互转换上、能接受的副词类修饰性词语上是不完全对称的。“一样”后可以自由地带“X”，“不一样”后只能带表示积极义的单音节度量形容词；“一样”句可以表示实比，也可以表示虚比，而“不一样”句一般只表示实比；“一样”不表示程度差别，而“不一样”则表示程度或性质有差别，所以两者前边能接受的副词类修饰性词语也有很大的不同。留学生由于不了解这两个结构的不对称而常常出现类推性偏误。

The ＂一样＂ sentence and its negative form are not always symmetric in structure or in transformation or in the acceptance of adverbial modifiers. ＂一样＂ can be followed by ＂X＂ freelyl however, ＂不一样＂ can be followed only by the monosyllabic measure adjectives. ＂一样＂ can express actual comparison or trope, while ＂不一样＂ can express only actual comparison; ＂一样＂ cannot express the difference in degree while ＂不一样＂ can express the difference both in degree and in nature; their adverbial pre-modifiers are also quite different. Without an understanding of their dissymmetry, the overseas students often make analogical mistakes.