语法体的视点特征与汉语“了”的语法意义阐释

The View-point Feature of Grammatical Aspect and Interpretation of the Grammatical Meaning of "le1" in Mandarin Chinese

语法体是说话者对处在时间绵延中的情状的内在时间结构进行观察、反映的方式，这一定义揭示了语法体的视点本质特征，及这种特征对语法体对立性次范畴化分类的重要意义。从视点特征上看，“了”表达主观视点（V）在参照时间（RT）对情状内在时间结构（SitT）的结尾部分进行观察，即视点与情状内在时间结构在参照时间“相交”于情状尾部，这个结尾部分既可能是事件的“结束”，也可能是事件被“终止”，因而，“了”的视点特征既具有“完整性”，同时具有“接续性”，属于“完整接续体”。

The author defines Grammatical Aspect as the speaker＇s manner on viewing or reflecting the inner temporal structure of situation which is, in turn, in a certain temporal stretch. The definition discloses in essential the viewpoint feature of grammatical aspect, brings to light the significance of this feature on the oppositional sub-categorization of grammatical aspect. In terms of viewpoint feature, ＂le1＂ in Mandarin expresses that the subjective Viewpoint （V） cuts into the inner temporal structure of situation at the reference time （RT） and intersects at the coda of situation with two possibilities, one being that the event is completed, while the other being that the event is terminated. From these two possibilities the author argues that the viewpoint feature of ＂le1＂ is both perfective and continuative, so ＂le1＂ is a perfective-continuative aspect.