摘要
英国前瞻性糖尿病研究（UKPDS）标志性地揭示了严格地控制2型糖尿病患者的血糖可以显著减少大血管和微血管并发症（表1）。血糖管理的全国性目标是将具有心血管疾病风险的2型糖尿病患者的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）控制在低于6．5％的水平。自从20世纪20年代胰岛素问世以来，糖尿病治疗一直没有划时代的变革。英国国家服务框架（NSF）和全科医疗机构已经将糖尿病提上了卫生保健的日程。尽管饮食和生活方式的干预仍然处于这一慢性疾病管理的中心地位，但对患者进行结构化教育以及自我管理的重要性已日益受到重视。
The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study （UKPDS） was a landmark, clearly demonstrating that intensive glycaemic management of type 2 diabetes significantly reduced both microvascular and macrovascular complications （Figure 1 ）. National targets aim for an HbA1c level of less than 6.5% in those with type 2 diabetes who are at risk of cardiovascular disease Since the 1920s, when insulin was discovered, there has never been a more exciting time to work in the field of diabetes. In the UK, the National Service Framework （NSF） and General Medical Services contract for general practitioners has moved diabetes up the health-care agenda？ Although diet and lifestyle interventions remain pivotal to the management of this chronic condition, the importance of structured patient education and self-management is increasingly recognized.
