血管紧张素受体AT1R和AT2R在不同孕期人类胎儿肾脏组织中的分布

Distribution of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor and angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor in fetal renal tissue during different gestation periods

目的研究血管紧张素受体AT1R和AT2R在不同孕期人类胎儿肾脏组织中的分布以及表达含量的变化。方法选取54例不同孕周自然流产、米非司酮或利凡诺引产的胎儿肾脏标本，采用免疫组化染色及半定量分析的方法，检测AT1R和AT2R在不同孕周胎儿肾脏组织上的分布及其表达量的变化，同时观察不同引产方法对AT1R和AT2R表达的影响。结果①AT1R和AT2R从孕12周就开始在胎儿肾脏组织中大量表达，并表现出时间性和空间性的特点。时间性表现在：孕12—16周AT1R表达的量较少（17958±1004）μm^2，孕16—28周逐渐增加，至孕28周后其表达上升近3倍（52975±4817）μm^2；而AT2R则相反，孕12～16周较高（72738±2134）μm^2，孕16—28周减少，至孕28周后下降近3倍（24796±1945）μm^2；空间性表现在，在同一肾脏中，集合管中表达的量最高，肾小管次之，肾小球中最低。②利凡诺引产会造成AT1R和AT2R在胎儿肾脏中表达减少。结论AT1R和AT2R在胚胎发育早期就已经在肾脏中表达，它们的分布具有特殊性。

Objective To investigate the distributions of angiotensin receptors angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor （AT1R） and angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor （AT2R） in file human fetal renal tissue during different gestational periods. Methods Total of 54 cases of fetus kidney from spontaneous abortion and Ru486- or Rivanolum-induced abortion were collected. The distributions of AT1R and AT2R were observed by immunohistochemical staining. The effects of different methods used to induce labor on the expressions of AT1R and AT2R were also observed. Results High expression levels of AT1R and AT2R were observed in fetal renal tissues from 12 weeks gestational age. The expressions of AT1R and AT2R showed spatio-temporal characteristics. The AT1R expression was rather lower during 12 - 16 weeks gestational age [ （17 958 ± 1 004）μm^2] and reached its peek after 28 weeks gestational age [ （52 975± 4 817）μm^2 ]. On the contrary, the AT2R expression was rather high during 12 - 16 weeks gestational age [ （72 738 ± 2 134） μm^2 ], and then decreased to a relatively low level after 28 weeks gestational age （72 738 ± 2 134） μm^2 ]. In the same renal tissue, the highest expressions of both AT1R and AT2R were observed in collecting tube, while in renal tubule they were lower, and in glomerulus they were the lowest. The expressions of AT1R and AT2R in fetal renal tissue were reduced if Rivanolum was used to induce labor. Conelusion The AT1R and AT2R began to express in fetal renal tissue at early gestational periods with specific distribution.