稻属AA染色体组8个种间SSR多样性与亲缘关系

SSR Analysis on Diversity and Genetic Relationship Among Eight AA-genome Oryza Species

选用平均分布于水稻基因组的30对SSR引物，对AA染色体组8个野生稻种共42份材料的遗传多样性及遗传关系进行了研究。结果显示，本试验选取的30个SSR标记均具有多态性，多态性位点百分率为100％。30个多态性位点共扩增出的等位基因数为224，每个位点可扩增出3～10个等位基因，平均7．47个；等位基因有效数（Ae）变幅为1．25～8．91，平均5．45。多样性指数中，Shannon多样性指数（J）为0．454～2．386，平均1．826；而Nei基因多样性指数变幅为0．199～0．888，平均0．774。系统聚类和带型分析结果表明，亚洲栽培稻（Oryzasativa）与普通野生稻（O.rufipogon）的亲缘关系最近，非洲栽培稻（O．glaberrima）则与巴蒂野生稻（O．barthii）关系最为密切，杂草稻（ospontamea）与普通野生稻（Qrufipogon）、亚洲栽培稻（osativa）之间有较近的亲缘关系，而展颖野生稻（oglumaepatula）、长雄蕊野生稻（Qlongis—taminata）与AA组其他稻种之间的亲缘关系较远。

Genetic diversity and interrelationships among the eight AA-genome Oryza species were investigated. A total of 42 accessions of 8 AA-genome rice species were genotyped by using 30 simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers, which are evenly distributed throughout the rice genome. All of the 30 SSR markers generated polymorphic bands, revealing 100% polymorphism. The number of alleles CA） per locus ranged from 3 to 10 with an average of 7.47 alleles. Average effective allele number per locus （Ae） varied from 1.25 to 8.91 with a mean level of 5.45. Shannon＇s index （I） per locus averaged 1. 826 and was various from 0. 454 to 2. 386. and Nei＇s gene diversity index （He） ranged from 0. 199 to 0. 888 with an average of 0. 774. The 42 accessions were grouped into 3 major clusters （Africa, Asia and South America group） according to SSRbased dendrogram constructed by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average （UPGMA）. Integrated analysis of clustering, Nei＇s genetic distance and SSR polymorphic band patterns in the tested rice materials revealed that the highest genetic relation was presented between O. sativa and O. rufipogon. O. glaberrirna and O. barthii. Weedy rice （O. spontanea） had a closer genetic relationship with O. rufipogon and O. sativa, whereas O. glumaepatula and O. longistarninata are genetically distant to other AA-genome Oryza species. The results also demonstrated that SSR analysis was a powerful method for detecting polymorphisms among the different AA-genome Oryza accessions.